Parts of the Cell
Vocabulary
1) Organelle:
structure that performs specific functions within the cell
2) Lysosome:
organelle that contains digestive enzymes
3) Chloroplast:
organelle that the energy of sunlight to make food
4) Ribosome:
organelle that makes proteins; smallest of all organelles
5) Vesicle:
small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
6) Mitochondria:
organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy (ATP)
7) Organ:
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the
body
8) Prokaryote:
organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
9) Cell:
smallest unit that can perform all life processes
10)
Organism: a living thing; anything that can carry out
life processes independently
11)
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek: made his own microscopes; first
to describe protists found in pond scum
12)
Eukaryote: organism’s cells have a nucleus
13)
Organ system: a group of organs that work together to
perform body functions
14)
Robert Hooke: first person to describe cells
15)
Vacuole: organelle that stores water
16)
Nucleus: control center of the cell; contains the DNA
17)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): system of folded
membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made
18)
Cell membrane: protective layer that cover’s cell surface
and acts as a barrier
19)
Tissue: group of similar cells that perform a common
function (job)
20)
Cell wall: rigid structure that surrounds cell membrane
and provides support for a plant cell
21)
Golgi complex: organelle that helps make and package
materials to be transported out of the cell
22)
Cell Theory: theory that all organisms are made of one or
more cells; cells come from existing cells; basic unit of all living things
23) Function: the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part (the job that it does)
24) Structure: the arrangement of parts in an organism
23) Function: the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part (the job that it does)
24) Structure: the arrangement of parts in an organism
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